Stroke: Butylphthalide Improves Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment in Non-Human Primate

On February 26, 2024, Stroke, an authoritative international journal in neurology, published online the latest translational research results of butylphthalide (NBP) by Professor Zeng Jinsheng's team from the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University.

The results indicate that NBP improves working memory in non-human primates (cynomolgus monkeys) by alleviating secondary neurodegeneration (SND) and neuroinflammation in the ipsilateral dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and thalamus after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).

In this study, a cerebral infarction model of a male cynomolgus monkey was constructed through permanent left MCAO to evaluate the protection and treatment of 12-week sequential therapy with NBP for secondary damage and cognitive impairment in the remote cognition-related brain area, and to explore the relationship between post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and secondary prefrontal and thalamic damage, providing a translational medicine basis closer to clinical practice for the prevention and treatment of PSCI.

The results revealed that NBP treatment achieved a higher success rate in the delayed response task (DRT) as a measure of working memory at 4, 8, and 12 weeks compared with placebo (p<0.05). After 12 weeks of NBP treatment, the secondary neuron damage in ipsilateral DLPFC and thalamus was reduced, and microglia, astrocytes, CD68-positive microglia, TNF-α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase significantly decreased (p<0.05).

Conclusion

The sequential therapy with NBP can improve PSCI in cynomolgus monkeys, which is achieved by alleviating secondary neuronal loss in ipsilateral DLPFC and thalamus, and microglial infiltration and inflammatory reaction, thus reducing secondary damage in the cognition-related brain area.

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